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Guide · 5 min read

The freight glossary — jargon, decoded

Sixteen terms that appear on every quote and invoice. Learn the difference between demurrage and detention and you’re ahead of half the industry.

B/L — Bill of Lading

The contract of carriage and the key to collect cargo. Whoever holds the original controls the goods.

HBL vs MBL

House B/L (from your forwarder — us) vs Master B/L (from the shipping line). You normally work with the House.

THC

Terminal Handling Charge — the port’s fee for lifting your container on/off the ship. Charged at both ends.

ETD / ETA

Estimated departure / arrival. The word is estimated — build buffer into your planning.

Demurrage

Rent the PORT charges when your container sits inside the terminal past free time. The expensive one.

Detention

Rent the CARRIER charges when you keep their container outside the port too long. The other expensive one.

Free time

Days you may use the container/terminal before demurrage/detention start. Negotiable — ask us.

CY / CFS

Container Yard (full containers) vs Container Freight Station (where LCL cargo is packed/unpacked).

HS Code

The global commodity number that decides your duty rate. Wrong code = wrong duty = customs trouble.

GRI

General Rate Increase — carriers raising prices across a lane, usually announced monthly. We watch these for you.

PSS

Peak Season Surcharge — extra charge when demand spikes (pre-holiday months).

BAF

Bunker Adjustment Factor — the fuel surcharge, moves with oil prices.

Telex release

Electronic release of cargo without couriering paper originals. Faster; needs trust between parties.

Rollover

Your booked container didn’t fit on the ship and waits for the next one. We fight these; buffers help.

Transshipment

Cargo changes vessel mid-route — usually in Singapore, the world’s busiest hub for it.

SOC / COC

Shipper-owned vs carrier-owned container. COC is the norm; SOC solves special cases.